Consumer Benefits Associated with Renegotiations of NAFTA by Mexico

Question: Talk about the Consumer Benefits Associated with Renegotiations of NAFTA by Mexico and Canada. Answer: The North American unhindered commerce understanding (NAFTA) is accord which was haggled by three countries government that is Mexico, Canada, and the United States. This gave the disposal of most duties on the items which were exchanges among the Canada, Mexico and United States (Olson, 2008, p. 420). The essential objective was to incorporate Mexico with high turn of events and high compensation economy of the United States just as Canada. This article clarifies a portion of the shopper benefits related with the renegotiation of NAFTA by both Mexico and Canada. NAFTA has supported Mexican homestead items which are sent out to the United States. This has expanded openings for work in assembling ventures in Mexico and US, and numerous investigations are found about how to improve the homestead items thus raise the positive effect on efficiency and oth in Mexican (Wise, 2010, p. 100). Additionally, NAFTA has empowered Mexico to lessen its exchange obstructions. This is by joining General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and furthermore pre-NAFTA normal tax level. NAFTA has upgraded culmination of an exchange understanding which is free between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. This has empowered numerous individuals to participate in exchanging industry subsequently improving their ways of life and furthermore improving the countrys riches through the installment of assessments. Likewise, NAFTA has expanded the local exchange strongly in Canada (Yunez-Naude and Barceinas, 2002, p. 24)increment of compensations in Canada to numerous representatives and furthermore a production of many openings for work have been made by NAFTA causing numerous jobless individuals to land positions. NAFTA has empowered Mexico to disengage a few guarantees from different nations which bolster Mexico. This has the Mexico to raise wages and pay rates to the representatives, to convey the quick development and to lessen the displacement inside the Mexico nation (Hill, 2008, p. 24). Additionally, NAFTA has assisted Mexico to pay off its open obligation, with stabilizing its swelling likewise has presented a standard on the fair spending plan and has empowered the nation to develop the outside stores. All in all, NAFTA has empowered these two nations to ricochet back rapidly to their net revenues. In this manner, having acquainted various advantages with Mexico and Canada, NAFTA ought to profoundly get bolstered by the capable governments to improve proceeded with development and monetary supportability. References Slope, C., 2008. Universal Business: Competing in the worldwide commercial center. Key Direction,24(9). Olson, R.D., 2008. NAFTA's food and farming lessons.Peace Review,20(4), pp.418-425. Savvy, C. ed., 2010.Post-NAFTA Political Economy: Mexico and the Western Hemisphere. Penn State Press. Yunez-Naude, A. also, Barceinas, F., 2002. Exercises from NAFTA: The instance of Mexicos horticultural sector.Washington, DC: The World Bank.

The Right Way to Manage an Intervention

For a long time, Libyans had experienced the oppressive despot Muammar Gaddafi who administered them with no leniency and designated Libya’s riches to his family and himself. On Tuesday fifteenth of February 2011, Libyans began to show against the system of Gaddafi. In any case, Gaddafi’s reaction to these shows was repulsive. He requested his powers to start shooting at the protestors. As indicated by correspondents from the BBC â€Å"500 to 700 individuals were killed† during February 2011 by Gaddafi’s security powers. Libyans didn't surrender, however. Rather, the quantity of demonstrators expanded step by step, particularly in the city of Benghazi where the demonstrators were equipped. They constrained the police and the military powers to pull back from Benghazi. For an individual like Gaddafi, who administered Libya for over 40 years, acquiescence was impossible. He was happy to dispose of the upheaval against him regardless of how. He assembled his military around the urban communities which the demonstrators controlled and was going to submit slaughters against Libyans. The United Nations needed to plan something for forestall the slaughters Gaddafi’s powers were going to submit. On March 2011, the UN began an intercession in Libya by forcing a no-fly zone over Libya to forestall Gaddafi’s flying corps from executing regular citizens. This intercession - which was later driven by NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) †demonstrated later that it was the most ideal approach to end the contentions in Libya. The three principle explanations for this announcement are right off the bat, to shield Libyans from the Gaddafi’s wrongdoing. Furthermore, in light of the fact that the intercession was not an immediate intrusion. Lastly, on the grounds that the mediation was done after the UN endorsement. The most significant motivation behind why the NATO’s intercession was the best arrangement in the war in Libya is on the grounds that Libyans required critical military assistance to prevent Gaddafi’s powers from executing regular people. In the event that NATO’s naval force in the Mediterranean had not forced a no-fly zone over Libya Gaddafi’s aviation based armed forces were going to assault regular people in Benghazi and different urban communities. The Libyan Representative to the UN, Ambassador Ibrahim Dabbashi, said in a question and answer session on March 2011, â€Å"We are anticipating a genuine massacre in Tripoli. The planes are as yet carrying soldiers of fortune to the air terminals. We are approaching the UN to force a no-fly zone on all Tripoli to remove all provisions of arms and soldiers of fortune to the regime†. As it were, NATO’s intercession spared a large number of lives by applying a no-fly zone over Libya. No serene arrangements would do as such, particularly since Gaddafi appeared to be unyielding on continuing in his bleeding activities against his resistances. Another motivation behind why NATO’s mediation in Libya was a model one is on the grounds that it was anything but an immediate intrusion. The NATO’s tasks in Libya were all by propelling air and rocket strikes against significant focuses on Gaddafi’s powers. Ivo H. Daalder, the U. S. Lasting Representative to NATO, showed that the NATO’s activities in Libya were effective by any norm. The tasks â€Å"saved† countless lives from practically certain slaughter. These tasks significantly â€Å"minimized† direct harm. It helped the â€Å"Libyan opposition† to oust one of the world’s most noticeably awful â€Å"dictators†. Every one of these achievements were managed with no injured from the partners and with the expense of just a few billions of dollars. That was a â€Å"fraction† of that spent in past â€Å"interventions in Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq. As it were, NATO assumed an immense job in consummation a common war which could keep going for a long time by the least harm conceivable. The verification of that announcement is what's going on in Syria today. As no military power mediated to end the bleeding war in Syria, the clashing gatherings have been murdering a huge number of regular people for over two years now. Political ways are not useful in such circumstance. On the off chance that NATO hadn’t interceded in Libya, the common war couldn't be finish till today, or if nothing else it could cause considerably more casualties. The third motivation to consider the NATO’s intercession a fruitful one is on the grounds that it was applied after the UN endorsement. The military tasks were driven by a gathering of partners, and afterward these activities were driven by NATO, which is as yet a gathering of partners. This offered authenticity to the mediation and demonstrated that the intercession was distinctly to spare the Libyan individuals and assist them with getting their opportunity, not for the interests of a particular nation. In addition, NATO finished their tasks after the passing of Gaddafi. Consummation their strategic a reasonable verification that they were not intending to attack Libya. Be that as it may, they were applying the UN answer for spare regular citizens. A report distributed on the United Nations official site on seventeenth of March 2011 explained that the Security Council â€Å"authorized† the utilization of power in Libya to shield Civilians from Gaddafi’s powers, particularly in the city of Benghazi, â€Å"Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter†, which permits to take military and nonmilitary activities to reestablish â€Å"international harmony and security†. At the end of the day, there is no evidence that the NATO mediated in Libya for any sort of advantages. Indeed, even on the conservative point of view, the expense of the military tasks is a little division contrasted with the abundance of Libya which was taken by Gaddafi and his family. Regardless of the conspicuous achievement of NATO’s intercessions, there are pundits who accept that NATO’s mediation was not useful. The writer of the exposition â€Å"The Negative Influence of NATO Intervention in Libya† guaranteed that the NATO’s mediation that occurred in Libya was not useful. He put together his postulation with respect to three fundamental reasons. The first is on the grounds that NATO ignored Libyan individuals. Also, in light of the fact that NATO executed honest individuals through shelling. At long last, since NATO caused inside clashes for Libyan individuals. The creator referenced some genuine guides to demonstrate that the mediation was not useful. In any case, His exposition has three unconvincing contentions. The first is that the creator asserted that NATO disregarded Libyans putting together this case with respect to one model. That is considered as a rushed speculation. The second unconvincing contention is guaranteeing that the principle goal of the intercession was to overcome Libya without referencing consistent proof. The last shortcoming in the paper is the last section; the creator asserted that NATO persuaded Libyans to battle against one another. In the principal passage, the creator of â€Å"The Negative Influence of NATO Intervention in Libya† reasoned that NATO disregarded Libyans. He put together this point with respect to the way that a vessel conveying displaced people sank in the Mediterranean Sea and NATO didn’t salvage the evacuees. In any case, this model isn't persuading to guarantee that NATO ignored Libyans in light of the fact that it’s a hurried speculation. Besides, the creator put together this model with respect to an individual called JOHN-MARK IYI without referencing his position or how he is identified with the point. Then again, there are a ton of evidences that NATO spared Libyans. As indicated by the BBC NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said subsequent to declaring the finish of their strategic Libya, â€Å"NATO's military powers had forestalled a slaughter and spared endless lives. † He likewise said,† We made the conditions for the individuals of Libya to decide their own future. † There is no uncertainty that NATO has harmed Libyans somewhat, yet this harm was a part to the one brought about by Gaddafi’s powers. Guaranteeing that NATO’s objective was to overcome Libya is the second unconvincing point in Hijazi’s paper. An unmistakable verification that NATO’s activity was not to overcome Libya is that they declared the finish of the mission on the 31st of October 2011 after the finish of Gaddafi’s system. On the off chance that NATO had any interests in overcoming Libya they would not end the military activities in Libya. Additionally, Hijazi referenced that NATO’s airstrikes slaughtered a great deal of regular folks and demolished a ton of houses without supporting his case with clear proof that the individuals executed were regular folks. Particularly that Gaddafi’s armed force used to cover up inside regular people houses, which makes it difficult to indicate whether the slaughtered individuals were regular citizens or warriors from Gaddafi’s armed force. At the end of the day, the focuses referenced by the creator don’t demonstrate that NATO expected to overcome Libya. The last unconvincing point in Hijazi’s paper is guaranteeing that NATO spurred Libyans to begin a common war. That guarantee isn't legitimate for a few reasons. Right off the bat, the war began before any remote mediation in Libya and the primary driver of this war is to oust the Gaddafi’s system. Furthermore, Hijazi didn’t notice how NATO could get any advantages if a common war began in Libya. Also, in particular, Gaddafi’s troopers were not Libyan which implies it was anything but a common war. Martin Chulov and David Smith distributed an article in The Guardian site, they say,† Many dark Africans have been captured and blamed for battling for despot, yet guarantee they were press-ganged. † at the end of the day, it’s genuine that NATO took an interest in the war in Libya, however asserting that they began the war there isn't persuading. To summarize everything, the war in Libya caused the passing for a great deal of Innocent regular citizens. Without the inclusion of NATO, the war would be running until today, causing the passing of honest people each and every day. Since essentially, there was no other clear, political arrangement would work with the craziness of Gaddafi. Without a doubt, the intercession of NATO was not an ideal decision. Be that as it may, it was the one with least harm. Besides, today Libya appears to heel gradually frame the war it had, and luckily it appears that the NATO intercession had no risky im

Life Without TV free essay sample

He stands tall, with expansive shoulders andblack hair that balance strongly with his light blue eyes. Like hispersonality, his highlights change contingent upon the circumstance. Usually,his stunning is delicate and chuckling moves in his eyes. These are thetimes when I can mess with him, request guidance or talk about politics,literature and the world. Be that as it may, when fire consumes in his eyes and his teethclench, I realize his psyche is set. He is an exceptionally decided, principled man,and however I realize it is pointless to contend with him, I oftentry. In spite of the fact that I was just three years of age, I recall my fatherasking, Hey, whos superior to us? I would lift my little hand toslap his huge one and answer, No one! As a kid, those wordsmade me grin. They spoke to my dads love and his confidence in me.But as I got more established, that question and his attitude baffled me. We will compose a custom exposition test on An existence Without TV or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You are brilliant and talented. You could do anything you putyour brain to, he would state, and I would feel my chest contract. Presently Isee remarks like these as support. I will probablyremember one June day seven years prior for a mind-blowing remainder. The airhad been thick and clingy for a couple of days, and at 12, I discovered comfort infront of the TV. My dad had been griping my siblings andI were observing an excess of TV, yet we overlooked him. At that point one day we camehome and the TV was no more. At the point when I asked my dad aboutthe missing TV, he said we would be in an ideal situation without it. Watchingtelevision was an exercise in futility, and we were doing it awfully much.Without it, we would possess energy for different things. I chose he waswrong. I utilized my best discussing abilities and contended interminably. In any case, when Isaw that fire in his eyes, I realized he would not surrender. I wassure I was destined to everlasting weariness, however in the long run I discovered other waysto invest my energy. Every day I ran around the square, breathing in the sweetscent of the earth. This helped me to remember my adoration for games, which Istill appreciate. I joined Girl Scouts, which showed me the fulfillment ofcommunity administration, and I fabricated enduring fellowships. Mostimportantly, however, I found a creative side I never knew existed.I began participate in workmanship challenges, and was stunned when I won. At that point, Itook piano exercises. Despite the fact that I wasnt keen on the instrument,I found an enthusiasm for music that I fulfill today by singing. I alsofound I love to compose. I learned I could engage myself better thanany TV program. Living without TV has shown me how tomanage my time, so I can do numerous things in a single day. I have taken tolistening to AM radio, perusing news magazines and keeping up withcurrent occasions. I am pleased to have learned I dont need television.Often, when individuals hear I dont have one, they state, Oh, well, Ihardly ever sit in front of the TV. This is normally trailed by, ExceptDawsons Creek, and I love Saturday Night Live, and I just cantmiss Sports Center.' It feels great to realize I am not reliant ontelevision. Thinking back, I figure my dad did the privilege thing.He needed to make penances, as well. He cannot watch shows either, and has tolisten to ball games on the radio. His activities have given me thevalue of having an objective and adhering to it. I presently observe myselfstanding close to this tough man, and he appears to be more grounded than at any other time. Theyoung lady close to him has a fire inside her, as well. She cannot hold up toshare this blessing with the world. The assurance and freedom shelearned from the man who enlivened her can't avoid being her guide as she sets offon her excursion.

BU Renames School After $50 Million Gift

BU Renames School After $50 Million Gift by: John A. Byrne on March 30, 2015 | 0 Comments Comments 255 Views March 30, 2015Allen and Kelli QuestromBoston Universitys School of Management today announced it has received a $50 million naming gift from alumnus and long-time retailing giant Allen Questrom and his wife, Kelli. The gift, the largest ever received by the university, will endow 10 faculty chairs and enable planning to establish a new graduate program facility and result in the renaming of the school to the Questrom School of Business.The gift is one of the largest given to a business school, eclipsed by only 13 other benefactors, including David Booth whose $300 million to the University of Chicago is the largest ever to a business school and Dorothy and Robert Kings $150 million pledge to Stanford Universitys Graduate School of Business.  It should help to raise the profile of the school whose full-time MBA program is ranked 42nd best in the U.S. by PoetsQuants.Like so many big-name donors to business schools, Questrom’s connection with BU set the stage for his long-time career in retailing. In his last semester at the university, Questrom recalls taking an elective course in retailing from the late marketing professor Alan Beckwith. â€Å"I can see his face today, more than 50 years later,† recalls Questrom in an interview with PoetsQuants. â€Å"He was very engaging and he got his students involved through case studies. It wasn’t something I was really interested in and my goal was to be a ski instructor. Unfortunately, we didn’t have any snow that winter and I ended up not working.†A BU PROFESSOR LINED UP THREE INTERVIEWS FOR QUESTROM THAT STARTED HIS CAREER IN RETAILINGQuestrom recalls phoning professor Beckwith with his dilemma. Beckwith returned his call with three interview possibilities: Federated Department Stores and Gimbel’s in New York and Jordan Marsh in Boston. Questrom took a job as a man agement trainee for Federated in 1964 and the rest is history. â€Å"That is how I started in retailing and also met my wife, Kelli. That was 48 years ago,† he says. â€Å"We’ve had a long partnership together, fighting and arguing, but still come up with the right answers most of the time.†The right answer that led to the $50 million gift came from Questrom’s involvement in two separate stints on Boston University’s Board of Trustees but also the strongly held belief that higher education is vital to those who want to climb the ladder of success. â€Å"Allen and I both came from working class families and have been blessed with scholarships and mentorships,† says Kelli Questrom. â€Å"When we took a look at how we could pay it forward it was so clear that after Allens many years as a trustee, higher education was definitely a most worthy cause. One of the biggest problems is one of our biggest blessings: Equal opportunity and the furtheran ce of that. Higher education is the foundation of equal opportunity. If you can’t get a good education in whatever talent you have, you will not be able to pursue happiness.†This is a transformative moment in the history of the School and the University, said BU President Robert A. Brown in a statement. The gift will both propel the School on the path of increased impact and quality and will forever associate it with the name of one of the most successful and highly regarded corporate executives in America, and one of Boston Universitys most distinguished graduates.A RETAILING TURNAROUND EXPERT WITH SOME OF THE BIGGEST RETAIL BRANDSQuestrom, who graduated from the Boston University School of Management in 1964 and is a current member of BUs Board of Trustees, is nationally recognized for his turnaround leadership of several notable department stores and specialty retailers, including JCPenney, Neiman Marcus, Barneys New York, and Federated Department Stores. After Quest rom brought Federated out of bankruptcy, he led the acquisition of rivals The Broadway Stores and the Macy Stores, the combined companies of which later became known as Macys, Inc.His wife is a former fashion promoter and long-time civic volunteer who for  nearly 40 years has worked  with cities mayors and councils, advocating to solve the problems of AIDS, homelessness, womens preventative medicine, and sitting on boards in service of the arts and education.I would hope that students, as they go through school and into a career, will periodically reflect on their life, to pay mental homage to the people who helped them along the way and to recognize as they make good that they have a responsibility to do good, to pay it forward by helping the next generation, said Questrom in a statement.   When one looks at where investment can do the most good, you have to think of innovation in our schools because second only to the positive influence of family values, the route to earned success is to be well educated.DEAN DISCUSSED METRICS, TARGETS GOALS BEHIND THE GIFTKenneth Freeman, whose Allen Questrom deanship and professorship were endowed by an earlier gift from the Questroms, says the new gift  will enable the school to attract outstanding faculty widely recognized for excellence in research and teaching.  It is a pleasure and an honor to have the Questrom name on the school,† Freeman told PoetsQuants. â€Å"We had a number of discussions and it was a very business person to business person conversation. We talked about metrics, targets and goals. I think of Allen and Kelli not only as benefactors but investors in this school. And I’m looking forward to have the opportunity to continue an ongoing dialogue as we thrive to become one of the world’s elite business schools.â€Å"Questrom says it was his confidence in the universitys leadership that ultimately led to the gift. Changing a big university around, and Boston University is a big university, really takes a lot of time, said Questrom. But I have been impressed by the focus of the leadership of the school and with the advisors we have spent a lot of time coming up with criteria on key issues including having the school continue to make progress on its rankings. We have confidence in the leadership and their commitment to make sure we have a fine school that can help people compete in the world.Dean Freeman said the donation also provides seed funding for the planning of the addition of new classroom space that would connect to its existing building. Since moving into its current home in 1996, the school has grown significantly. The current facility, which was originally designed to accommodate 1,700 students, now welcomes more than 3,500 undergraduate and graduate students.(See following page for how the Questroms gift compares to others) Page 1 of 212 »

Health Psychology - 1720 Words

Cultural barriers affecting the mental health of Indigenous people Cultural barriers certainly have a crucial impact in affecting the mental health of Indigenous people. This is evident as Indigenous people tend to have considerably high levels of stress and anxiety in their lives stemming from the consequences of trauma and grief of stolen generation and dispossession which is intricately linked to mental health and disorder (Craven, 2006).This common pattern of loss of culture, land, voice, family and dignity resulted in poor mental wellbeing for many Indigenous generations over the past century (Brown, 2001). However, problems still continue due to the inadequate research in the mental health of indigenous people. This results in†¦show more content†¦However, Indigenous teenagers might avoid accessing traditional psychological services for support because of the cultural biases that exist within many of the mental health services. For instance, Western counselling and psychotherapy techniques focus mainly on independence and individuali ty, whereas indigenous cultures are collectivist and emphasise social interdependence. If a mental health professional is unfamiliar and unaware with the cultural norms of Indigenous people, such as emotional expression, these expressions may be misinterpreted and could affect the course of the treatment (Craven, 2006).Thus, indigenous teenagers will find Western approaches ineffective as they do not suit their cultural contexts (Paradies, 2006). Paradies, (2006) has found that almost one third of Indigenous youth were bullied sometime at school, with the patterns of bullying being very similar for males and females. The most frequent ages for being bullied occurred at 12 and 17 years and it was also found that if the Indigenous youth’s primary carers were both non-Indigenous, they were significantly more likely to be bullied. With regard to problematic behaviours, it was found that bullying was associated with increased levels of smoking and marijuana use. One in five Indigenous youth reported being discriminated against because of their Aboriginality. Like bullying, racism was associated with increased smoking and marijuana use andShow MoreRelatedThe Health Of Health Psychology Essay1973 Words   |  8 Pageseffectiveness of health psychology as it relates to improving health care quality†. The potential research question states, the role of health psychologists in health care delivery. As a part of my researc h I will explore areas associated with my thesis statement. 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Stress And Its Effect On Stress Essay - 881 Words

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Al though many thing stress us out there are plenty of ways to cope with stress in a healthy way before it’s too late. Stress is a part of our everyday lives. Theorists William James and Carl Lange, 19th century scholars, where one of the first to connect stress with emotions. Their theory was when a person experiences arousal from and event, the automatic nervous system (A.N.S.) reacts by making the heart beat faster, increase perspiration, and muscle tensions. The brains interpretation to that is an emotion (Sarah Mae Sincero, 2012). James andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Stress On Stress And Stress864 Words   |  4 PagesMerriam-Webster defines stress as â€Å"a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation† (Stress, 2015). Many people think of stress as being overworked or overwhelmed, but stress can be caused by all facets of everyday life. 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Business Canvas Model of Commonwealth Bank-Samples for Students

Question: Determine the effectiveness of business model and smart-connected devices in relation with the Commonwealth Bank. Answer: Commonwealth Bank is a multinational Australian Bank headquartered in Sydney. Along with Australia, Commonwealth Bank is situated in various other parts of the globe such as New Zealand, Asia, and United States and in United Kingdom. Initially, it was founded by Australian Government but later on it was fully privatised in 1996 on listed on Australian Stock Exchange in 1991. Currently, bank has more than 1100 branches along with 51,800 employees across worldwide locations (Commonwealth bank, 2018). Commonwealth Bank is one of the largest companies in terms of revenues in global banking industry. Success and growth of an organization is dependent over its business model, business ethics and the strategies adopted to match up with the latest trends of market, to fulfil its customers needs, as well as to build an effective image amongst the competitive business environment. In this business essay, business model canvas of Commonwealth Bank will be discussed. Along with the business mode l, disruption and innovation will also be discussed in relation with the analysis of threats and opportunities of utilisation of smart-connected devices will also be covered under this business essay. This essay will help to determine the effectiveness of business model and smart-connected devices in relation with the Commonwealth Bank. Business model and disruption In order to gain success and growth for a longer period of time, organizations are required to adopt appropriate business model and disruptive techniques. Both these terms plays vital role in an organizational life-cycle. Business model describes the procedure of how an organization delivers, creates, and captures the value in correlation with the social, economic, cultural and in other contexts. Construction of business model is a crucial segment of business strategies (Osterwalder Pigneur, 2010). Disruptive innovation is used in the businesses to form new markets and value network and disrupts existing markets and value networks in order to enhance the productivity and efficiency. All innovations are not disruptive but all disruptions are tending to be innovations. For example: when automobiles were initially introduced in the market, it did not disrupt the market of horse-down vehicles. But when mobile phones were introduced in the market, it disrupted the whole market of other medium of communication such as landline phones, etc. It is known as disruptive innovation (Porter Heppelmann, 2014). Business model canvas framework is introduced by Osterwalder, et al. (2011) in order to combine all the components of a business together. This framework acts as the vital strategy included in the strategic management which is mainly used for developing business models. This framework includes all crucial elements of business such as products description, value propositions, resources, customers and other required resources (Osterwalder, et. al., 2011). Another aim of the business model is to perform well and in an effective manner in dynamic business conditions. All the functionalities are managed in the most appropriate manner which is required to obtain expected outcomes. Along with this, business model also helps the organization to make optimum utilisation of the available resources with the objective of delivering value to its targeted demographics (Porter Heppelmann, 2015). Along with the business model canvas framework for building the effective and result oriented business model, disruptive innovation model has also been adopted by the companies nowadays with the objective of uplifting the market image along with gaining competitive advantage. Adaptation of disruptive innovation leads to generate positive outcomes and develops unique value dimensions to serve the potential customers in the most appropriate manner (Guttentag, 2015). Some of them value dimensions served to the customers are simplicity, reduced prices; enhance quality, convenience, etc. Disruptive innovation brings unique ways for the organizations to move towards success, growth and other variables which are necessary to attain competitive advantage in the target market. In relation with the disruptive innovation technology, smart-connected devices are also growing rapidly in the market. These devices are assisting the companies to move towards automation from manual work procedure. Apa rt from this, smart-connected devices reduce chance of men-made errors and other glitches which could reduce the efficiency of an organization. With the help of disruptive technology, organizations are using smart-connected devices in their operations with the objective of enhancing the efficiency and productivity of the organization (Christensen, et. al., 2011). Software, sensors, and other technological devices which ease the organizational functionality and increase the efficiency of organization are known as smart-connected devices. Technologies help the organization to make their operation effective and quick and the same goes with smart-connected devices. These devices form a way between the customers and organization in order to share information, raising a query, etc. The data collected from these products can be then analysed to inform decision-making, enable operational efficiencies and continuously improve the performance of the product (Chesbrough, 2010). Numerous products and services are being delivered by the Commonwealth Bank to its customers. Services such as financial services, investment schemes, insurance plans, saving, current and other types of bank accounts, broking services, retirement and maturity schemes, etc. are provided by Commonwealth Bank. Major reason of organizational success and expansion in various parts of the globe is adaptation of trending techniques and effective business model (King Baatartogtokh, 2015). Apart from this, Commonwealth Banks success could also be measured by the utilisation of smart-connected devices in their operations. Certain disruptive innovations made by the team of Commonwealth Bank are smart machines, Block-chains, Internet of Things, big data and smart-chipped cards. The smart-chipped cards have unique features and provide various advantages to its users. Generally, debit cards are being used for transacting and shopping purposes but debit cards issued by Commonwealth Bank are less w ith unique safety features. These safety features saves customers of bank from fraudulent activities as well as in the scenarios of card lost, it could be deactivated easily by a mobile application only. These are certain crucial innovations made by Commonwealth bank to enhance its effectiveness (Demil Lecocq, 2010). It has been observed that smart-connected devices bring various opportunities and threats for the organization. In relation with the adaptation of smart-connected devices, Commonwealth bank has introduced smart machine in their operations which enables the bank to provide unique financial services to its potential customers across the globe. The smart-machine is introduced with the help of sensors and advanced technology which enables the bank to manage and record the information regarding transactions made by its customers (Fadlullah, et. al., 2011). This machine has the capability to manage all the branches of banks interlinked with each other. Along with these services and facilities, Commonwealth Bank also provide online banking, online account opening, and other crucial services to its customers. With the help of these technology and advancements, organization has attained growth related attributes along with an impressive growth rate (Christensen, Raynor McDonald, 2016). Along with the opportunities to grow and prosper, there are various challenges and threats linked with the usage of smart-connected devices. One of the biggest challenges is dependency over technology and automation. Due to this, manual processing of functionalities is getting declined whereas users also face certain challenges such as losing the passwords for online banking. Apart from this, old aged people are also facing challenges in order to make use these technologies (Sun, et. al., 2016). In relevance with these challenges, it is required for the management of bank to provide adequate information of using these technologies along with the procedure of recovering the passwords. The major threat of smart-connected devices is the fraudulent activities because card lost; leakage of confidential credentials of customers could lead to big loss for the bank as well as for its users. Thus, it has been recommended to the bank and its users to keep their confidential credentials in safe and secure place through which these technologies and advanced could be utilised in an optimum manner (Yu Hang, 2010). Key Partners Firms issuing credit cards Subsidiary companies in other parts of the globe Local clients in other countries Stakeholders Security providing firms Vault services providing firms Key Activities Retail banking Investment schemes Credit card facility Insurance plans Risk evaluation techniques Value Proposition Quality financial services Reliable investment schemes Customer-centric retail banking services Brand equity in banking sector, Australia Practical growth Provides services to local and small banks and financial institutions Customer Relationships Renders quality services to its customers (Harwood, et. al., 2014). Practice various functionalities in relevance with making customer relations strong Customer centric approach Takes customer feedbacks on priority Brand image Customer Segments All customer segments Business organization, government, and all people Credit card users Key Resources Wide and effective distribution network Operates from more than 1100 branches worldwide Brand image of being one of the largest banks in terms of revenues, service quality, etc. across the globe ATM Effective men-power Skilled technicians Channels Own communication channels Official website Other social media platforms Cost Structure Salaries to employees Remuneration to financial experts Administrative costs Other financial costs Maintenance, security, interest, etc. fees. Rewards and returns Revenue Streams Interest on loans Interest on credit card payments Fees for overdraft facility Debit card fees Other services fees and fees on non-maintenance of minimum balance in account. Above discussed business canvas model is adopted by Commonwealth Bank, Australia. This model has made the organization effective enough to achieve desired goals and objectives. Along with this, it has been observed that for effective management of business practices, appropriate model, structure or a framework is required. With the help of this model, organizational capabilities could also be compared with its achievements and gaps recognised could also be fulfilled in an effective and appropriate manner References Chesbrough, H., 2010. Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers.Long range planning,43(2-3), pp.354-363. Christensen, C. M., Horn, M. B., Caldera, L., Soares, L. (2011). Disrupting College: How Disruptive Innovation Can Deliver Quality and Affordability to Postsecondary Education.Innosight Institute. Christensen, C. M., Raynor, M. E., McDonald, R. (2016). What is disruptive Innovation.The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction,2. Commonwealth Bank. (2018). Harwood, J., Dooley, J. J., Scott, A. J., Joiner, R. (2014). Constantly connectedThe effects of smart-devices on mental health.Computers in Human Behavior,34, 267-272.accessed from: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us.html?ei=CB-footer_about-commbank [online]. [21st April 2018]. Demil, B. and Lecocq, X., 2010. Business model evolution: in search of dynamic consistency.Long range planning,43(2-3), pp.227-246. Fadlullah, Z. M., Fouda, M. M., Kato, N., Takeuchi, A., Iwasaki, N., Nozaki, Y. (2011). Toward intelligent machine-to-machine communications in smart grid.IEEE Communications Magazine,49(4). Guttentag, D. (2015). Airbnb: disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector.Current issues in Tourism,18(12), 1192-1217. Harwood, J., Dooley, J. J., Scott, A. J., Joiner, R. (2014). Constantly connectedThe effects of smart-devices on mental health.Computers in Human Behavior,34, 267-272. King, A. A., Baatartogtokh, B. (2015). How useful is the theory of disruptive innovation?.MIT Sloan Management Review,57(1), 77. Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y. (2010).Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. John Wiley Sons. Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., Oliveira, M. A. Y., Ferreira, J. J. P. (2011). Business Model Generation: A handbook for visionaries, game changers and challengers.African journal of business management,5(7), 8918-8932. Porter, M. E., Heppelmann, J. E. (2014). How smart, connected products are transforming competition.Harvard Business Review,92(11), 64-88. Porter, M. E., Heppelmann, J. E. (2015). How smart, connected products are transforming companies.Harvard Business Review,93(10), 96-114. Sun, Y., Song, H., Jara, A. J., Bie, R. (2016). Internet of things and big data analytics for smart and connected communities.IEEE Access,4, 766-773. Yu, D., Hang, C. C. (2010). A reflective review of disruptive innovation theory.International journal of management reviews,12(4), 435-452.